Pyocyanin
mRNA synthesis
In vitro transcription of capped mRNA with modified nucleotides and Poly(A) tail
Tyramide Signal Amplification (TSA)
TSA (Tyramide Signal Amplification), used for signal amplification of ISH, IHC and IC etc.
Phos Binding Reagent Acrylamide
Separation of phosphorylated and non-phosphorylated proteins without phospho-specific antibody
Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8)
A convenient and sensitive way for cell proliferation assay and cytotoxicity assay
SYBR Safe DNA Gel Stain
Safe and sensitive stain for visualization of DNA or RNA in agarose or acrylamide gels.
Inhibitor Cocktails
Protect the integrity of proteins from multiple proteases and phosphatases for different applications.
Pyocyanin (PCN) is a blue redox-active secondary metabolite produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. PCN is readily recovered in large quantities in sputum from patients patients infected with P. aeruginosa [1]. PCN interferes with multiple cellular functions [1].
In vitro: Pyocyanin induced a time- and concentration-dependent acceleration of neutrophil apoptosis. Treatment with 50 μM pyocyanin resulted in a 10-fold induction of apoptosis at 5h(p < 0.001). The concentration 50 (μM) has been documented in sputum from patients colonized with P. aeruginosa. Pyocyanin showed no effects on the apoptosis of monocyte-derived macrophages or airway epithelial cells at time points up to 24 h [2]. Pyocyanin resulted in gradual onset of slowing and ultimate widespread ciliostasis with epithelial disruption [3].
In vivo: In a murine model of acute pneumonia, pyocyanin production by P. aeruginosa suppressed the acute inflammatory response by pathogen-driven acceleration of neutrophil apoptosis and by reducing local inflammation. Intratracheal instillation of wild-type and pyocyanin-deficient strains of P. aeruginosa caused a rapid increase in bronchoalveolar lavage neutrophil counts up to 18 h after infection.
In wild-type infection, the number of neutrophil declined steadily. neutrophil numbers increased up to 48 h in mice infected with pyocyanin-deficient P. aeruginosa. Pyocyanin production was associated with reduced bacterial clearance from the lungs. The concentration of potent neutrophil chemokines (MIP-2, KC) and cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β) were significantly lower in wild-type when compared with that of phenazine-deficient strain-infected mice at 18 h [4]. Pyocyanin (600 ng) resulted in 60% reduction in tracheal mucus velocity at 3 h, and no recovery occurred [5].
References:
[1] Lau G W, Hassett D J, Ran H, et al. The role of pyocyanin in Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection[J]. Trends in molecular medicine, 2004, 10(12): 599-606.
[2] Usher L R, Lawson R A, Geary I, et al. Induction of neutrophil apoptosis by the Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin pyocyanin: a potential mechanism of persistent infection[J]. The Journal of Immunology, 2002, 168(4): 1861-1868.
[3] Wilson R, Pitt T, Taylor G, et al. Pyocyanin and 1-hydroxyphenazine produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa inhibit the beating of human respiratory cilia in vitro[J]. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 1987, 79(1): 221.
[4] Allen L, Dockrell D H, Pattery T, et al. Pyocyanin production by Pseudomonas aeruginosa induces neutrophil apoptosis and impairs neutrophil-mediated host defenses in vivo[J]. The Journal of Immunology, 2005, 174(6): 3643-3649.
[5] Munro N C, Barker A, Rutman A, et al. Effect of pyocyanin and 1-hydroxyphenazine on in vivo tracheal mucus velocity[J]. Journal of applied physiology, 1989, 67(1): 316-323.
Storage | Store at -20°C |
M.Wt | 210.2 |
Cas No. | 85-66-5 |
Formula | C13H10N2O |
Synonyms | Sanasin,Sanazin,Pyocyanine |
Solubility | ≥21 mg/mL in DMSO; insoluble in H2O; insoluble in EtOH |
SDF | Download SDF |
Canonical SMILES | [O-]C1=CC=CC2=C1[N]C(C=CC=C3)=C3=[N+]2C |
运输条件 | 蓝冰运输或根据您的需求运输。 |
一般建议 | 不同厂家不同批次产品溶解度各有差异,仅做参考。若实验所需浓度过大至产品溶解极限,请添加助溶剂助溶或自行调整浓度。溶液形式一般不宜长期储存,请尽快用完。 |